History
The land around the Great Falls of the Passaic River was Lenape homeland for thousands of years before European colonization. Paterson itself began as a deliberate experiment: the Society for Establishing Useful Manufactures (S.U.M.) was organized in 1791 under a plan championed by Alexander Hamilton, and in 1792 it laid out a manufacturing town at the 77-foot falls to harness their water power. The National Park Service calls it the country's first planned industrial city. Paterson became an incorporated city in 1851.
Over the 1800s and early 1900s, mills along the raceways turned out cotton cloth, textile machinery, firearms, railroad locomotives and, most famously, silk. The Rogers Locomotive and Machine Works was among the major plants, and its former erecting shop on Market Street still stands. During World War II the city's factories were busy with military production, and Paterson has since been named New Jersey's American World War II Heritage City.
The falls and the surrounding mill district are now Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park. Nearby, Hinchliffe Stadium opened in 1932, became a National Historic Landmark in 2013 and reopened in May 2023 after a long restoration. Lambert Castle, built in 1892 on the slope of Garret Mountain, is another landmark of the industrial era.
What it’s like to live there
Paterson is a dense, older city of brick mill buildings, corner stores and long blocks of houses, set along the Passaic River with Garret Mountain rising on its southwest edge. Downtown, around Market Street and Broadway, is the commercial and civic center and the hub for buses and the train station.
Much of the housing is two- and three-story frame houses on small lots, many with front porches, gables and dormers. Many houses originally built for one household are now used as two- or three-family homes, and apartment buildings are mixed in. Some former mill buildings near the falls and raceways are zoned for adaptive reuse as lofts and live-work space.
The city is divided into six wards, and residents commonly use neighborhood names such as Downtown, Northside, Totowa, Hillcrest, Stoney Road, Eastside, the Manor, Riverside, Wrigley Park, Sandy Hill, People's Park, South Paterson and Lakeview. Larger parks anchor several of them, including Eastside Park, Westside Park and Pennington Park, along with many small neighborhood parks. Public schools are operated by Paterson Public Schools.
Getting around
NJ Transit trains stop at Paterson station, at Market and Ward Streets downtown, on the Main Line, which runs south through Clifton to Secaucus Junction and Hoboken Terminal. Riders headed to Midtown Manhattan change at Secaucus Junction for New York Penn Station, while Hoboken connects to PATH trains and ferries. As an example from the fall 2026 Port Jervis Line timetable, one weekend morning train took about 23 minutes to Secaucus Junction and 35 minutes to Hoboken. Port Jervis Line trains, run with Metro-North, also stop here. The station has a municipal parking lot with about 700 spaces, run with the Paterson Parking Authority, and bike racks.
The Broadway Bus Terminal downtown is the starting point for many NJ Transit bus routes, and buses also run along Broadway, Madison Avenue and Rosa Parks Boulevard through the neighborhoods.
By car, Interstate 80 crosses the city, State Routes 4, 19 and 20 serve it (Route 20 runs along the Passaic River on the Riverside side), and the Garden State Parkway passes nearby.
Things to do
Paterson Great Falls National Historical Park is the city's signature attraction, with overlooks of the 77-foot falls, a path near the brink, trails along the upper raceway, ranger tours and a self-guided walking tour available through the NPS app. Mary Ellen Kramer Park, beside the falls, has an observation deck, and Hinchliffe Stadium next door hosts New Jersey Jackals minor league baseball, school football, concerts and events.
The Paterson Museum, at 2 Market Street in the former Rogers locomotive erecting shop, covers the city's industrial history and displays early submarines built by inventor John Philip Holland. Lambert Castle, at 3 Valley Road, houses the Passaic County Historical Society museum (its interior was closed for renovations as of 2026). The Danforth Memorial Library on Broadway is the city's main public library.
For outdoor space, Garret Mountain Reservation, a 300-plus-acre county park shared with Woodland Park and designed by the Olmsted Brothers firm, has Barbour Pond, trails, an equestrian center and an overlook with views to the New York City skyline. Eastside Park has ball fields, a playground and a gazebo, and Westside Park on Totowa Avenue has river access, sports fields and the historic Van Houten House.