History
Before colonists arrived, the shores of Raritan and Sandy Hook bays were home to Lenape communities, and Henry Hudson anchored in Sandy Hook Bay in 1609. Permanent settlement began around 1664, soon after New Netherland came under English rule, when families arriving from Long Island and Rhode Island bought land from the Lenape; the Monmouth Patent of 1665 recognized those purchases. When Monmouth County was divided into its first three townships in 1693, Middletown took in everything north of the Navesink River and east of Freehold. It was incorporated under the Township Act of 1798, gave up territory to new towns over the next century, and reached its present borders in 1917.
Colonial buildings survive along Kings Highway in the Middletown Village Historic District, including Marlpit Hall, a saltbox house dating to 1686. On the bayshore, the oldest part of the Seabrook-Wilson House in Port Monmouth dates to the early 1700s. During the Revolution the area was held by British forces, and their retreat after the Battle of Monmouth passed through the township.
A railroad junction built in 1875 helped turn farmland into a commuter suburb in the early 1900s, and growth accelerated through the 20th century. The township also includes Sandy Hook, with its 1764 lighthouse and Fort Hancock, and the hills above the Navesink River held World War II gun batteries and a Cold War missile site. Superstorm Sandy in 2012 hit the bayshore neighborhoods hardest, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has since been building levees, floodwalls and dunes around Port Monmouth. The township now has five local historic districts: Chapel Hill, Locust, Monmouth Hills, Navesink and Middletown Village.
What it’s like to live there
Middletown is a large township made up of many separately named sections that grew up around old villages, rail stops and post offices. Belford, Port Monmouth, Leonardo and North Middletown line the bayshore; the other sections include Navesink, Locust, Monmouth Hills, Chapel Hill, Lincroft, Oak Hill, Fairview, River Plaza, New Monmouth, Harmony and Middletown Village. Some homes carry a neighboring town's mailing address because that post office is closer.
The township's zoning covers both single-family neighborhoods and multifamily areas. Superstorm Sandy substantially damaged hundreds of homes in the bayshore sections, and township flood rules adopted after the storm require residential floors in flood areas to be raised, so many houses there have been rebuilt or elevated. In the five local historic districts (Chapel Hill, Locust, Monmouth Hills, Navesink and Middletown Village), exterior changes to houses need approval from the township's Landmarks Commission. New subdivisions have continued on large tracts, such as the 279-acre Bamm Hollow property in Lincroft, approved for 190 house lots.
There is no single downtown. Commercial properties line stretches of Route 35 and of Route 36 through Port Monmouth and Belford, while the area around the train station on Church Street near Middletown Village has a municipal parking lot and the Middletown Arts Center. Public schools are run by the Middletown Township Public School District.
Getting around
Middletown station is on NJ Transit's North Jersey Coast Line, which runs north to New York Penn Station. From the bayshore, NY Waterway ferries leave the Belford terminal at 10 Harbor Way for Midtown Manhattan at West 39th Street, Pier 11 near Wall Street, Brookfield Place and Paulus Hook in Jersey City, with weekday and, as of 2026, weekend service.
The Garden State Parkway crosses the township with interchanges at Exits 109 and 114. Route 35 and Route 36, which runs through the bayshore sections of Port Monmouth and Belford, are the main state highways, and County Routes 516 and 520 link sections east to west. Several NJ Transit bus routes also serve the township.
In summer, Seastreak runs a high-speed ferry between Manhattan and Sandy Hook, and the township's 2014 master plan review called for better pedestrian and bicycle links around the train station.
Things to do
Sandy Hook, part of Gateway National Recreation Area, has ocean and bay beaches, Fort Hancock and the Sandy Hook Lighthouse, which offers tours Friday through Monday afternoons as of 2026; beach parking is charged daily in summer. Along the bay, the county's 227-acre Bayshore Waterfront Park in Port Monmouth has beaches, a wheelchair-accessible fishing pier with views toward New York, and the historic Seabrook-Wilson House.
Hartshorne Woods Park, about 831 acres of hilly forest above the Navesink River with an entrance at Historic Portland Place in Middletown and others in Locust, has around 16 miles of trails for hiking, biking and horseback riding, plus seasonal tours of World War II-era Battery Lewis. Thompson Park in Lincroft has a paved loop trail of about 4.2 miles and a Creative Arts Center, and Huber Woods Park has a reptile house among its attractions. Tatum Park and Poricy Park, known for its marine fossils, add more trails close to home.
For history, Marlpit Hall and the other colonial buildings along Kings Highway in Middletown Village are easy to see on foot, and the Middletown Arts Center stands near the train station.